Utility terms and special contracts
The MPSC approved Consumers Energy terms for data centers and other very large customers, including a 100 MW threshold, 15-year contract, and 80 percent minimum billing demand. It separately approved a DTE data-center contract with safeguards and directed DTE to file a large-load tariff.
Current position
Consumers terms approved; DTE tariff follow-up ordered
- Actions
- 2
- Published tariffs
- 0
- Legislation
- 0
- Status
- Adopted
Regulatory and utility record
Tariffs, contracts, and proceedings
Each record is shown on its own terms. A utility-specific tariff or contract does not automatically apply to every large customer in the state.
Statewide action · Effective
Consumers Energy Rate GPD large-load provisions
Consumers Energy's generally applicable provisions combine a long term, guaranteed minimum billing, an exit fee, default collateral, and project-specific Commission review.
Why it matters
Michigan is developing through utility-specific terms and contracts, with Consumers already operating under approved provisions and DTE still moving toward a generally applicable tariff.
Enforceable terms
Key requirements
Eligibility threshold
100 MW individual or aggregate Aggregation includes commonly owned sites of at least 20 MW within the utility's service territory.
Consumers Energy Rate GPD large-load provisions
Minimum payment
80% of contracted demand
Consumers Energy Rate GPD large-load provisions
Minimum contract term
15 years
Consumers Energy Rate GPD large-load provisions
- Service structure
- Rate GPD plus customer-specific Commission filingAuthorizedEach new customer requires an ex parte filing demonstrating cost assignment and the absence of subsidy; the Commission targets a 90-day review.
- Charges and assessments
- $100,000 study fee reconciled to actual costAuthorizedThe administrative and engineering charge is trued up rather than retained as a flat fee regardless of work performed.
- Credit and collateral
- Default collateral equals 50% of the exit feeAuthorizedConsumers Energy Rate GPD large-load provisions
- Exit protection
- Remaining minimum bill plus system access charges The tariff multiplies the applicable monthly minimum obligations by the months remaining in the contract term.AuthorizedConsumers Energy Rate GPD large-load provisions
- Grid infrastructure
- $100,000 study fee reconciled to actual cost Each new large-load customer also requires a Commission filing to demonstrate that customer-caused costs are appropriately assigned.AuthorizedConsumers Energy Rate GPD large-load provisions
- Generation and resource costs
- Not identified in Consumers Energy sourcesAuthorizedConsumers Energy Rate GPD large-load provisions
- Capacity protection
- Up to five-year ramp; automatic five-year extensionsAuthorizedThe initial 15-year term accommodates a customer ramp and continues in five-year extensions unless the customer provides four years' termination notice.
- Reporting and true-up
- Annual demand, energy, capacity, and exit-fee reportingAuthorizedConsumers Energy must report tariff use and customer obligations to the Commission.
Official sources supporting these requirements
Statewide action · Approved
DTE Electric 1,383 MW data-center special contracts
The MPSC conditionally approved project-specific supply and storage contracts with longer payment protection, early-termination charges, collateral, and customer-funded storage resources.
Why it matters
Michigan is developing through utility-specific terms and contracts, with Consumers already operating under approved provisions and DTE still moving toward a generally applicable tariff.
Enforceable terms
Key requirements
Eligibility threshold
1,383 MW project-specific load
DTE Electric 1,383 MW data-center special contracts
Minimum payment
80% of contracted demand
DTE Electric 1,383 MW data-center special contracts
Minimum contract term
19 years
DTE Electric 1,383 MW data-center special contracts
- Service structure
- Project-specific special contracts pending a general tariffAuthorizedThe Commission approved the identified contracts and directed DTE to file a generally available large-load tariff.
- Credit and collateral
- Upfront collateral required · public summary does not quantifyAuthorizedDTE Electric 1,383 MW data-center special contracts
- Exit protection
- Up to 10 years of minimum-demand chargesAuthorizedDTE Electric 1,383 MW data-center special contracts
- Grid infrastructure
- DTE bears service costs it cannot recover from the customerAuthorizedDTE Electric 1,383 MW data-center special contracts
- Generation and resource costs
- Customer fully funds approximately 1,400 MW of storageAuthorizedDTE Electric 1,383 MW data-center special contracts
- Capacity protection
- Emergency curtailment before other customersAuthorizedThe contracted load can be curtailed before ordinary customers during qualifying system emergencies.
- Reporting and true-up
- Commission oversight of storage funding and cost recoveryAuthorizedDTE must preserve the approved allocation so other customers do not absorb unrecovered project costs.
Official sources supporting these requirements
“Not specified” means the current official tariff record does not establish a normalized term. Retail tariff requirements are not inferred from wholesale-grid rules, interconnection processes, or pending policy proceedings.